Frontier models from OpenAI
14
Models
1 organisations
0%
Open weights
0 open, 13 closed
14
Frontier
By Epoch's flag
175B
Largest traceable
GPT-3 175B (davinci)
2017–2025
Span
2 with a traceable size
Organisation
Country
Records
14| Model | Organisation | Released | Parameters | Weights |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPT-4o (Mar 2025) | OpenAI | 2025-03 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4.5 | OpenAI | 2025-02 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4o (Jan 2025) | OpenAI | 2025-01 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4o (Nov 2024) | OpenAI | 2024-11 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4o (Aug 2024) | OpenAI | 2024-08 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4o | OpenAI | 2024-05 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4 Turbo (Apr 2024) | OpenAI | 2024-04 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4 Turbo (Nov 2023) | OpenAI | 2023-11 | — | Closed |
| GPT-4 (Jun 2023) | OpenAI | 2023-06 | 1.8T * | Closed |
| GPT-4 (Mar 2023) | OpenAI | 2023-03 | 1.8T * | Closed |
| GPT-3.5 (davinci-002) | OpenAI | 2022-03 | — | Closed |
| GPT-3 175B (davinci) | OpenAI | 2020-05 | 175B | Closed |
| OpenAI Five | OpenAI | 2019-12 | 159M | Closed |
| OpenAI TI7 DOTA 1v1 | OpenAI | 2017-08 | — | Not recorded |
An asterisk marks a parameter figure the source does not consider traceable to the people who built the model. That judgement is the source’s and it has false negatives: Kimi K3 is marked speculative at 2.8T while Moonshot’s own model card states the figure. Why that distinction carries the whole exhibit.
Counts are of models Epoch AI records as notable, not of every model released. The most recent month is always incomplete, because a model enters the dataset when it is reviewed rather than when it ships.
Epoch AI, 'Data on AI Models'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved from 'https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models-documentation' Used under CC BY 4.0.