The AI Museum
AI Analytics1,072 recordsRecounted 23 September 2026

Language models from United States of America in 2021

18

Models

10 organisations

67%

Open weights

12 open, 6 closed

3

Frontier

By Epoch's flag

1.6T

Largest traceable

Switch

2021

Span

13 with a traceable size

Releases

by month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec

Records

18
Language models from United States of America in 2021, newest first. Each row links to the source Epoch AI records for it.
ModelOrganisationReleasedParametersWeights
ContrieverMeta AI2021-12110M *Open
GLaMGoogle2021-121.2TClosed
LongT5Google Research2021-123BOpen
T-NLRv5 XXLMicrosoft2021-125BClosed
XGLM-7.5BMeta AI2021-128BOpen
CodeT5-baseSalesforce2021-11220M *Open
Megatron-Turing NLG 530BMicrosoft2021-10530BClosed
S4Stanford University2021-10249M *Open
FLAN 137BGoogle Research2021-09137BClosed
Turing ULRv5Microsoft2021-092BClosed
XLMR-XXLFacebook AI Research2021-0811BOpen
CodexOpenAI2021-0712B *Closed
DeBERTaMicrosoft2021-062BOpen
ByT5-XXLGoogle2021-0513B *Open
Generative BSTFacebook AI Research2021-039BOpen
UnicornAllen Institute for AI2021-0311BOpen
SRU++ LargeASAPP2021-02234MOpen
SwitchGoogle2021-011.6TOpen

An asterisk marks a parameter figure the source does not consider traceable to the people who built the model. That judgement is the source’s and it has false negatives: Kimi K3 is marked speculative at 2.8T while Moonshot’s own model card states the figure. Why that distinction carries the whole exhibit.

Counts are of models Epoch AI records as notable, not of every model released. The most recent month is always incomplete, because a model enters the dataset when it is reviewed rather than when it ships.

Epoch AI, 'Data on AI Models'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved from 'https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models-documentation' Used under CC BY 4.0.

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